Diabetes Linked to Timing of First Solid Food Exposure

CHICAGOExposure to solid foods too early or late during infancy may increase the risk of developing type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), according to a new study published in JAMA Pediatrics.

Findings show babies who were introduced to solid foods early (less than four months of age) and late (greater than or equal to six months of age) were more likely to develop T1DM, especially babies exposed to fruit early or rice and oats late. Breastfeeding when introducing wheat and barley appeared to decrease the risk.

T1DM is increasing around the world, with some of the most rapid increase among children younger than five years of age. The infant diet has been of particular interest in the origin of the disease, according to the study background.

Researchers from the University of Colorado, Aurora, studied 1,835 at-risk children and found 53 developed the disease during the follow-up process. Children involved in the research were studied from birth. They completed clinical visits at 9, 15 and 24 months, and annually thereafter.

Our data suggest multiple foods/antigens play a role, and that there is a complex relationship between the timing and type of infant food exposures and T1DM risk," researchers said. "In summary, there appears to be a safe window in which to introduce solid foods between four and five months of age; solid foods should be introduced while continuing to breastfeed to minimize T1DM risk in genetically susceptible children."

Recent studies also show consuming a diet rich in vitamin D may help obese children control blood-sugar levels and reduce their risk of diabetes.